The literary analysis

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1.The extract under analysis comes from a short story  written by Mark Twain. The author is a well- known American writer, journalist and publicist. His works are of different genres - humour, satire, science fiction, journalism and many others, but in all these genres he takes a position of humanist and democrat. He is better known by his pen name Mark Twain, but his real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens. He wrote a lot of stories, among them are "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer"(1876), its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885), which is often called "the Great American Novel", «The $30,000 Bequest and Other Stories» (1906),and «Life on the Mississippi»(1883). In 1865, his humorous story, "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County," was published. This short story brought international attention, and was even translated into classic Greek. His wit and satire, in prose and in speech, earned praise from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.
He was lauded as the "greatest American humorist of his age," and William Faulkner called Twain "the father of American literature."
2. The extract describes the relationship between the first man and woman on Earth - Adam and Eve.
3. The setting of the events in the given extract is religious. It is presented in a specific way, in the form of a diary. It provides a background for action and  reflects the characters' emotions and feelings.
4. From the point of view of presentation the text is the 1st person narrative.
5. The plot of the extract runs as follows: in the form of a diary, Adam (Twain himself) describes how Eve ( his wife Livy) gets introduced into the Garden of Eden, and how he has to deal with "this new creature with the long hair". The piece gives a humorous account of Genesis. It begins with the introduction of Eve, described as an annoying creature with an obsession for naming things, which Adam could do without. It moves on to detail Eve eating the apple and finding Cain, a perplexing creature which Adam can not figure out. He devotes his ironically scientific mind to revealing Cain's species, thinking it a fish, then a kangaroo, then a bear. Eventually he figures out it is a human, like himself.
The work is humorous and ironic, and gives a new spin on Genesis: few people have considered what life must have been like for Adam, who is discovering everything new; the work does not consider God's role at all; and eventually, despite his initial deep annoyance with Eve, Adam began to appreciate Eve and fell in love with her.
6. The types of speech employed by the author of the analyzed extract are narration, description, and monologue. The given passage is rather a description than a narration. 
7. The main characters we meet in the extract under analysis are Adam and Eve. The writer reveals  Adam's character by means of narrative description with explicit judgment. From both fact and judgment we derive the impression of the main character as a strong, kind-hearted man who used to be alone in the Garden of Eden. He enjoyed his peaceful and quiet life before Eve appeared. When the narrator informs us that she was always hanging around and following him about, we can only sympathize with Adam and share his great annoyance and disapproval of Eve's behavior. But later, when Adam got used to Eve he began to understand her, that she just wanted to communicate with him in order not to be alone. He became a reserved, loving and caring man, who felt a great affection and love to Eve. When I've read the last lines of this story, I couldn't but only smile: " At first I thought she talked too much; but now I should be sorry to have that voice fall silent and pass out of my life. Blessed be the chestnut that brought us near together and taught me to know the goodness of her heart and the sweetness of her spirit!"
8.  In order to portray the characters to describe the setting and to render the atmosphere of the passage vividly and convincingly the author of the analyzed passage resorts to the following devices:
1) lexical: metaphor - "I wish it would not talk; it is always talking. That sounds like a cheap fling at the poor creature, a slur; "and any new and strange sound intruding itself here upon the solemn hush of these dreaming solitudes offends my ear and seems a false note" personification - "  and I am glad because the snake talks" ,," She says the snake advises her to try the fruit of the tree, and says the result will be a great and fine and noble education", metonymy - "This new creature with the long hair is a good deal in the way", " The new creature names everything", periphrasis - "Her mind is disordered--everything shows it. Sometimes she carries the fish in her arms half the night when it complains and wants to get to the water. At such times the water comes out of the places in her face that she looks out of, and she pats the fish on the back and makes soft sounds with her mouth to soothe it, and betrays sorrow and solicitude in a hundred ways", "  It has ceased from lying around, and goes about on its four legs now. Yet it differs from the other four legged animals, in that its front legs are unusually short, consequently this causes the main part of its person to stick up uncomfortably high in the air, and this is not attractive. It is built much as we are, but its method of traveling shows that it is not of our breed. The short front legs and long hind ones indicate that it is a of the kangaroo family, but it is a marked variation of that species, since the true kangaroo hops, whereas this one never does.", irony - "  The new creature calls it Niagara Falls --why, I am sure I do not know. Says it LOOKS like Niagara Falls. That is not a reason, it is mere waywardness and imbecility.", " The new creature says its name is Eve. That is all right, I have no objections. Says it is to call it by, when I want it to come. I said it was superfluous, then. The word evidently raised me in its respect; and indeed it is a large, good word and will bear repetition. It says it is not an It, it is a She. This is probably doubtful; yet it is all one to me; what she is were nothing to me if she would but go by herself and not talk.", epithet - " It is the finest thing ", " the solemn hush of these dreaming solitudes", " This is sufficiently high-handed," a secluded place", " great and fine and noble education", "frightful noises",  simile - "  It looks no more like a dodo than I do.", "  That sounds like a cheap fling at the poor creature", "  not like kangaroo fur, but exactly like our hair except that it is much finer and softer,", "The new one is as ugly as the old one was at first".
2.  syntactical: ellipsis - "Been examining the great waterfall", "Built me a shelter against the rain", aposiopesis - "I wish it would stay with the other animals. . . . Cloudy today, wind in the east; think we shall have rain. . . . WE?", "I have not missed any rib. . . .", inversion - "Hungry as I was, I laid down the apple half-eaten", "The word justification moved her admiration--and envy, too, I thought", " She doesn't work, Sundays, but lies around all tired out",  polysyndeton - "I escaped last Tuesday night, and traveled two days, and built me another shelter in a secluded place, and obliterated my tracks as well as I could", " When I tried to put it out it shed water out of the holes it looks with, and wiped it away with the back of its paws, and made a noise such as some of the other animals make when they are in distress",   repetitions - "pulled through", " This new creature with the long hair ",  " I will escape", climax -  "And this new sound is so close to me; it is right at my shoulder, right at my ear, first on one side and then on the other, and I am used only to sounds that are more or less distant from me", " the result will be a great and fine and noble education ";
3).  phonetic: alliteration - " I wish it would stay", " It looks no more like a dodo than I do.", " does not look like " ;
4). graphic: capitalization - "I had a very good name for the estate, and it was musical and pretty --GARDEN OF EDEN", " it has been new-named NIAGARA FALLS PARK", "says it LOOKS like that",  punctuation - "FRIDAY. The naming goes recklessly on, in spite of anything I can do. I had a very good name for the estate, and it was musical and pretty --GARDEN OF EDEN. Privately, I continue to call it that, but not any longer publicly. The new creature says it is all woods and rocks and scenery, and therefore has no resemblance to a garden. Says it LOOKS like a park, and does not look like anything BUT a park. Consequently, without consulting me, it has been new-named NIAGARA FALLS PARK. This is sufficiently high-handed, it seems to me. And already there is a sign up:

KEEP OFF

THE GRASS

 My life is not as happy as it was."
9). Summing up the analysis of the given extract one should say that Mark Twain brilliantly uses irony, wit and humour which help to reveal the main characters' nature as well as to create a true-to-life atmosphere of the events depicted. 

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